Manually-operated hair-clippers



J. N. JOHNSON. MANUALLY OPERATED HAIR CLIPPER. APPLICATION FILED DEC.24. 1919,

Jllllllllll mmmlllmmmlmnm INVENTOR.

Patented Sept. 28, 1920.

2 SHEETSSHEET I 2Z4; 7:. BY

WITNESS:

J. N. JOHNSON.

MANUALLY OPERATED HAIR CLIPPER.

APPLICATION FILED DEC.24, 1919.

1,354,30 PatentedSpt. 28,1920.

2 SHEETSSHEET 2.

WI TNESS:

I NVEN TOR.

Q I z 1 Tommi,

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

MAN UALLY-OPERATED HAIR-GLIPPERS.

Application filed December 24, 1919.

T0 alllwhom it may concern.

Be it known that I, JOHN N. J OHNsON, a citizen of the United States, residing at Albuquerque, in the county of-Bernalillo and State of New Mexico, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Manually-Operated. Hair-Clippers, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.-

This invention relates to manually operated rapidly vibrating hair clippers and has for an object the provision of clippers of this type which are compact and simple in construction, durable and efficient in operation and inexpensive to manufacture, and inwhich both of the cutters are easily sharpened or new ones substituted. 1

Other objects will appear from the following description and claims.

In the drawings, Figure l is a planof a clipper according to one form of my invention, the housing andthe fixed handle carried thereby being removed to show the interior;

Fig. 2 is a side elevation but with the clipper;

the fixed handle carried thereby beingremoved to show the interior; I

Fig. 10 is a side elevation of the same but with the cover in section to'show the interior mechanism, and f Fig. 11 is a perspective of the movable cutter plate of this embodiment.

Referring particularly to Figs. 1 to 8, the base plate 1 of the clipper is provided with a wide slot 2 in its front edge, and the sta tionary cutter 3 is pivotally mounted in the slot by means of substantially semi-cylindrical trunnions i on the cutter which are received in similar shaped bearings 5 in the base plate 1. A screw bolt 6, having a square head 7 countersunk in a similar shaped opening in the bottom of the base plate and held from turning thereby, projects upwardly above the base and serves Specification of Letters Patent' Patented Sept. 28, 1926.

Serial No. 347,107.

as a pivot for some of the moving parts. A housing member or cover 8 carrying the usual fixed handle 9 (shown only in dotted lines) has an opening through which the bolt 6 passes, and is secured to the base by a thumb nut 10 and spring washer 11 on the bolt. The cover is held against, turnlng on the base by means of a plurality of depending lugs (not shown) thereon which pro ect into recesses 12 in the base. The movable cutter 13 lies flat against the piv oted stationary cutter 3, and it is guided in its reciprocations along the face thereof by means of a longitudinally extending trench 14, in'its upper surface, into which projects a dependingrib 15 of the cover 8. I may provide longitudinally extending channels 16 in the central portionsof one or both of the abutting faces of the cutters.

This would cause contact to occur only at the front and back edges of the cutters so that there could be no rocking movement due to a raised central portion with a consequent separation of the cutting edges. The pivoting of the stationary cutter enables it to turn and contact perfectly with the upper-cutter when the two are superposed.

The movable o crating handle 17 (shown in detail in Figs.'% and 8), is bifurcated and both arms of the bifurcation are pivoted upon the upstanding bolt or screw 6. The upper arm 18 is provided with several gear teeth forming a small gear sector 19, and the lower arm acts merely as a steadying pivot. Extending between and held in place by the cover 8 and the base 1 is a pivot pin 20 upon which is mounted for oscillation a movement amplifying or compound member 21 (illustrated in detail in Figs. 3 and 4.). The upper portion 22 of the movement amplifying or compound member has gear teeth thereon to form a gear sector meshing with the ear sector 19 of the operating handle. The lower portion of the member is considerably larger than the upper portion and has a large. opening therein, and that portion of the periphery of the opening which is farthest from the smaller portion carries internal gear teeth thereon to form a sector gear 23. Disposed between the arms of the bifurcated handle and pivoted onthe screw or bolt 6, is a combination pinion and cam member (shown in detail in Figs. 5 and 6), the upper or pinion portion 24 meshing with the internal sector gear 23. The lower or cam portion 25 has acontour or periphery of a shape to constitute a multiple point cam, which is adapted to operate the movable cutter. In the particular embodiment illustrated in Figs. 1 to 9, this operation may 5 be conveniently accomplished by means of a forked lever which embraces the cam and is pivoted at 26 upon the base. The arms 27 which embrace the cam are provided with anti-friction rollers 28 on the ends thereof and in close proximity to the cam surface but on diametrically opposite sides thereof. The tail-piece 29 of the forked lever extends into a slot 30 in the movable cutter and by means of an enlarged head 31, it contacts with the edges of the slot without binding, and upon oscillation of the lever will in turn reciprocate the cutter. In order to return the movement amplifying or compound member and the parts connected thereto to initial positions, I provide a flexed leaf spring 32 secured to the periphery of the movement amplifying or com ound member by an offset end 33, disposed in a slot '34 of the member and held therein by screw 35.

2 The other end of the spring is flexed backwardly, and passes over a pin 36 on the base, against which it is held by a screw 37 adustably mounted in a lug 38 on the ase.

he end of the spring 39 may be turned at an angle to the rest of the spring and abut against a stud or lug 40, also on the base and adjacent the lug 38 to prevent longitudinal movement of the spring.

In the embodiment illustrated in Figs. 9 to 11 I have provided the stationary cutter 40 as an inte al part of the base, and instead of the grked lever for operating the movable cutter I make the movable cutter 41 slightly wider and provide rigid ears 42 thereon which embrace diametrically opposite sides of the cam 25 and are operated thereby to cause reciprocations of the movable cutter. In order to more accurately guide the cutter 41 in its reciprocations, the base may have ribs 43 thereon which fit into grooves 44. The operation is as follows :-The handles of the clippers are grasped in the hand and brought together and released repeatedly. Since one of the handles 9 is fixed, the movable handle 17 will be oscillated about the pivot screw 6, and by means of its gear teeth 19 which mesh'with sector gear 22 will oscillate the'movement amplifying or compound member 21 and its internal sector gear 23. The sector gear 23 is of greater radius than the teeth of the smaller gear portion 22 and meshes with and oscillates the pinion 24 and its cam 25 through amplified extents. The cam 25 will oscillate the lever (Figs. 1 to 8) and through it'will reciprocate the movable cutter. In the embodiment illustrated in Figs. 9 tell, the

, cam directly reciprocates the movable cutter by means of the upstanding ears 42 of the which produces achange in the pressure of latter. Operation of the movable handle 17 in one direction will impart one-half of a revolution to the cam 25. Any desired number of points to the cam.may be provided but in the illustrated embodiment I have provided a five point cam. One half operation of the movable handle, the movable cutter will receive five complete operations or ten cutting movements. If the movable handle is given eighty complete operations per-minute, the'movable cutter will be given four hundred return excur:

sions or cycles which is a rate now commonly used in many power operated clippers. Obviously the rate can be increased or decreased .by increasing or decreasing the number of points on the cam, or by interchanging cams. Such a construction as I have herein disclosed rovides the advantage of a high rate 0 operation, and at the same time is compact, simple, durable and efiicient. The returning spring 32 can be adjusted by means of the screw 37 in order. to increase or decrease its torque. The pressure between the cutters can be varied by tightening or loosening the nut 10,

the spring washer 11 against the housing 8. The houslng 8 by means of the rib 15 thereof which is disposed-in the groove or trench 14 of the cutter 13, holds the cutters in con-' tact in accordance with the pressure exerted by the spring washer 11.

I claim: Y g

1. A clipper comprising a base-having a slot in the front edge thereof, a stationary cutter disposed in said slot and pivotally mounted on the base, a movable cutter adapted to contact with the pivoted cutter and by means" of the pivotal mounting of the latter lie flat thereagainst, and a cover for holding the movable cutter in position and guiding it in its excursions along the face of the stationary cutter.

2. A clipper comprising a base, a station-' ary cutter removable for pivotal movement about an axis parallel with said base mounted on said base, a movable cutter co-acting with the stationar cutter, and means for holding the movable cutter against the stationary cutter.

3. A clipper comprising a base having 11 slot in one edge. thereof and a bearing at each side of the slot, astationary cutter disposed in said slot and having trunnions cooperating with said hearings to provide a pivotal mounting of the cutter in said slot, a movable cutter adapted to contact with and be reciprocated along the face of the stationary cutter, and means for holding the cutters in contact.

4. A clipper comprising an operatinghandle, relatively .movable cutters, a sector gear carried by said operating handle, a pivotally mounted .movement amplifying member having a small sector gear meshing with the sector gear on the operating handle and a larger gear sector, a pinion meshing with said larger gear sector, a disk mounted for rotation with said pinion and having a multiple point cam surface on its periphery, a leverhaving arms disposed on opposite sides of said disk to be operated by the cam surfaces thereof and also having an arm connected to one of said cutters for positively operating it with respect to the other cutter.

5. A clipper comprising a base, relatively movable cutters, a forked operating handle pivoted to the base and having gear teeth on one of the arms of the fork, a'movement amplifying member disposed between the arms of the forked handle and having gear teeth on different portions thereof, one of the-sets of gear teeth meshing with the gear teeth of the handle, a pinion meshing with the other set of gear teeth of the member, a cam disk carried by the pinion, said cam disk and pinion-being also disposed between the arms of the forked handle and means operated by the cam disk for producing relative movement of the cutters.

6. A clipper comprising a base, relatively movable cutters, a forked operating handle pivoted to the base and having gear teeth on one of the arms of the fork, a movement amplifying member disposed between the arms of the forked handle and having gear teeth on different portions thereof, one of the sets' of gear teeth meshing with the gear teeth of the handle, a pinion meshing with the other set of gear teeth of the member, a disk carried by the pinion and having a multiple point cam surface on its periphery, said disk and pinion being also disposed between the arms of the forked handle, and means operated by the cam surface of the disk for producing relative movement of the cutters.

In Witness whereof I hereunto subscribe my signature.

JOHN N. JOHNSON. 

